Knowledge of Human Resources Management - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 8 Words: 2338 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Activity 1 The CIPD bands are designed to help professional master qualities that aid their success in as HR in future. The tool acknowledges that people may enter the HR department from different career backgrounds and that the management of the human resource is more complex today than in the past. The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development outlines eight behavior, ten professional areas and four bands of competence (CIPD, 2017). This paper will explore two behaviors from band 1 and 2 that are essential for an HR. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Knowledge of Human Resources Management" essay for you Create order One of the behaviors that an HR must display as being a decisive thinker rhymes with Band one that require an HR to support colleagues in the management of the organization. To demonstrate the behavior, the each must show the ability to analyze and understand data submitted to the department, in addition, they should be able to gather information from data available at their disposal. Skills require at this levels include the ability to uses informative insights and knowledge in a structured manner to come up with options that can benefit the organization (CIPD, 2017). After analyzing the information, the HR should be in a position to help in the making of recommendation that is robust and defensible, this characteristic summarizes an HR behaviors of being a decisive thinker. Band 2 requires the HR to be of assistance in making a decision with regard to individuals or teams. Therefore, the HR has a clear understanding of the evaluation procedure and the possible solutions. One of behavior requires for the HR is being personally collaborative. HR needs to able to work inclusively and effectively with diverse groups of people, both with the internal environment of the organization and the outside world. Diversification, change, and knowledge of the business environment are critical to the success of an effective HR department. It is possible to achieve driver through collaboration as the basis of practice and interaction with other stakeholders in the organization. In the simplest level, it understands the need of another party while taking into consideration personal objective, through such an understanding, HR can lead the way in the formation of teams and guide the management on decision making with regard to individual or teams. Another behavior essenti al for an HR is the drive to deliver, in this case, the HR must demonstrate the determination, purpose, and resourcefulness to help in the achievement of the best outcome. The HR must demonstrate its commitment to the wider organization goals by being driver of change. When the HR shows that it is ready towards a given organization goals, it completes the bond necessary to accomplish organizational objectives. HR also needs to be a skilled influencer, this requires skills in building and delivering professionalism through a combination of commercial and HR practices to create value for the stakeholders (CIPD, 2017). The HR must acquire respect from all levels of management and be the epitome of correct behaviors in an organization. Credibility is the currency that allows an HR to assist in decision making when it comes to complex needs. Activity 2 One working as a unit to complete certain tasks, people often performs distinct roles, groups dynamics is the manner in which the roles performed by each individual affects the whole group. This is the influence that one’s personality and characteristics have on the entire group. The diversity in nature of groups means that they undergo different dynamics. When the concept of group dynamics is applied to development, it determines why and how a group develops from scratch. Several theories explain why a group develops, a theory developed by George Homans suggest that a group originated from the existence of a common activity, sentiments, and interaction. It means when individual share similar things, then they will develop attitudes that are either positive or negative (Driskell, 2006). A positive attitude causes the attractive force that leads to the formation of a group. For instance, people who like the same activity, for instance, playing football can come together and for m a group. According to social exchange theory offer an alternative explanation to the idea of group dynamics. It implies that a group originates when people have implicit expectations of mutual benefit if they can combine their strengths and weaknesses. Thus, when people see that one’s strengths can supplement their failures, then such people will come closer and form a group. For example, welfare groups thrive on the basis of mutual benefit if the members can dedicate their efforts to a common goal (Driskell, 2006). As understood from the social identity theory, individuals forms groups based on their subscription to silent groups. Such groups can arise from demographic proximity or cultural relations. Group dynamics does not only consider the formation stage of a group but how the group progresses to the final stage of dissolution. As noted by Bruce Tuckman in the 1960s, a group is not at its maximum efficiency at the formation stage. Groups counter certain dynamics as they attempt to reach maximum efficiency. Most groups will under similar conflicts as their progress through the stages of development. Tuckman theory noted the existence of five stages of group development, during these stages, groups exhibit similar characteristics and members must adjust to the issues at hand. The first stage in group development is forming, at this stage, the major groups of the goals are neither clear nor the way of arriving at the final objective, but members share a common interest when it comes to final outcome. The main activity that takes place in orientation is member getting to know each other, their strengths and weaknesses (Luthan 2005). The second stage is storming in which the member faces the most serious disagreements and challenges. Members often pose their concerns and criticism, there is also the element of a power struggle as members compete for leadership positions. If members fail to resolve such conflicts, the group may fail. The third stage is norming, member recognizes each other’s strengths and weaknesses and become accommodative, and the group is them ready to pursue its objectives. The fourth stage is performing, groups members are understanding and can attain higher goals. There is a sense of cohesiveness. Members of the group become rational. Adjourning is the final stage of group dynamic where members agree to split apart. During the process of group formation conflicts may arise, this calls for the group members to have effective conflict resolution methods. One of the approaches applicable in conflict resolution is a discussion (Driskell, 2006). Often, conflicts originate from the lack of effective communication between members, the discussion provides a way of overcoming the communication barriers and reaching a common understanding. Another method applicable in conflict resolution is mediation, a third party can come in to help the conflicting groups reach a common consensus thus solving the problem (Driskell, 2006). Activity 3 I was involved a change project that aimed at improving the organization’s competitive advantage, the management realized the need to transfer its operation from in-house IT architecture to cloud based computing. The project involves convincing the employees that embracing technology was in the best interest of the market. With changes in the global business environment, the organization is increasingly becoming depended on the efficient use of technology for a variety of purposes. One of the main advantages of embracing technology is a reduction in cost as well as efficient business activities. As the HR was involved in the management of the project from start to the end. Project management skills became handy in the process. Organization in the past employed a variety of techniques to achieve development objectives. Nevertheless, the success of a project depended on how effectively an organization utilized its resource in the realization of the objectives (Bredin Soderlund, 2010). During the course of the project, I was able to employ project management tools to solve problems and ensure the success of the project. Employing project management systems helps in the minimization of disputes, disruptions and measuring routine business processes. In many cases, management of a project starts by outlining the skills, technologies, and resources that are critical for the realization of the objectives (Bredin Soderlund, 2010). Skills required in each step of the project varies, the project management team must be in a position to supply necessary skills, this the manpower requirement of a project. To ensure the success of the project, I employed four key phases of project management, these were initiating the project, planning of activities, execution, closing, and monitoring. At the initiation phase, it employed management techniques such as establishing the project team. As the HR, I was responsible for the recruitment of the required personnel, this meant that selecting team members based on the skills requirements in a project (Bredin Soderlund, 2010). The second step was establishing the relationship between the project and the stakeholder, this required training of employees to accept the change and eventually creating a conducive for the new operating procedures. The planning phase of a project needed coming up with a description of the scope, alternative and feasibility study of the project, it also helped in the division of the project into milestones and eventually developing a general schedule to guide the implementation of the project. The execution phase was critical in bringing the project to reality, with good planning and ensuring the availability of all resources need during the course of the project, it was easy to transform the plans in to an actual operating environment (Bredin Soderlund, 2010). The fourth phase closing the down the project and establishing it as the new operating procedure. Finally, without monitoring to ensure that the personnel adapt and retain the changes brought by the project, it is easy for the organization to slip back to its old traditions and rendering the success of the project. As the HR, continuous monitoring is important in transforming the changes into organization culture (Lloyd?Walker, 2013)). With a good planning, I was able to avoid problems such as unrealistic scheduling, excessive resource need, and opposition that would possibly come from the employees. As the HR, I applied influencing, persuading and negotiation skills in making the project a success. At formation, it is important to influence the entire organization into accepting the change as the way forward. I was able to influence management into accepting the change through persuasion, I used industry statistics and suggestion from professional to persuade the management. The process also involved the negotiation with stakeholders to ensure that the project worked for everyone. Through negotiation, I was able to come up with a feasible project. Negotiation also helped in reducing opposition to the project. A combination of the three techniques helped in realizing the project goals. Activity 4 One of the roles of HR is hiring the right people and the retention of employees. An HR must understand what means to be a good workforce manager. Without good recruitment plans, the organization fall due to the inability of human resources to function as planned. Thus, it is critical to assess one’s professional skills with regard to employee recruitment and retention techniques (Swaffield, 2009). Professional development allows one to grade their professional skills with regard to requirements of their workforce. Several methods are applicable in the evaluation of professional skills, one of such approaches include the Development Needs Analysis Tool (Swaffield, 2009). The tool consist of a different question, by answering this question, one can grade their level of qualifications. The tool gives an accurate picture if used honestly. Through the assessment, I realized that I was underperforming in certain areas. Improvement options As a professional, I have an obligation to take part in research within my profession and come up with a new system that promotes efficiency (Thompson, 2009). However, my professional evaluation reveals gaps when it comes to my participation in professional research. My research skills appeared audited and in need of an update. Theme three of the DNAT reveal that I could not help others to access research material or information on trending issues within my profession. With most information generate through research and spreads through various computing technologies, I both need to improve my participation and knowledge on how to use such databases. With regard to implementation abilities, I scored highly on the ability to observe international guidelines on implementation of HR projects. This reveals that I have sufficient knowledge to when it comes to management of workforce as a critical resource to the success of the organization. To maintain my skills updated, I need to continua lly review new policies and attend seminars on the best practices within the profession. Professional Development Plan Action Plan As noted in the earlier sections, some of my skills did not match the expectation of my profession as an HR. Thus, I need to improve such areas in order to remain indispensable to the organization. As a professional, I play a critical role in the development of new knowledge as well as translation of the finding into practice. The development will help me to improve areas of underperformance as well as uphold areas that I already show good performance. Self-Evaluation The professional development plan was effective in helping me to improve my professional skills. Contrary to the initial condition whereby I took little interest in research and had limited access to new publication, I became involved and assisted in the generation of new knowledge that targets the improvement of the profession. Some of my research solved common problems while others generate alternative approaches to certain operation guideline. I also realized that I knew little about the new business environment, my knowledge was limited to local policies and guidelines, through research, seminars, and access to wide range of internal, external and government research, I discovered that the world is changing in there is a lot of diversity in HR practices. Understanding of this global practices helped me to become relevant. In a global economy. I also gained significant knowledge about my organization and factors within both the internal and external environment that affect its bus iness conduct. The process was beneficial to my career.

The World Of Graphic Design - 1816 Words

The world of Graphic Design is ever changing, and fast paced. Attempting to keep up with new ideas and trends can be dizzying along with tiring. We have already seen the invention of so much technology to get us where we are today, whether that be the Gutenberg Press or Apple’s Macintosh Computer. The future of design shows no signs of mercy in terms of slowing down, but just what does the future have in store? Before we can think about the future, we must first understand the past. Design can be dated back as far as pre-historic times through the Lascaux Cave Paintings. Done over 200,000 years ago, it is the earliest known example of writing. It would later be discovered as a form of communications. The Egyptian culture utilized design in their Book of the Deads. Each book was made to include passwords, and spells to help those you have passed away in their afterlife. It would be until the Chinese civilization, and all their world changing inventions, where we would see an e mergence of the printing process. Alongside the compass, and gunpowder, the civilization also invented paper, and what is known as Chinese Chops. Chinese Chops were commonly made of jade, silver, or even ivory, and was a stamp like objects that allowed for mass production at the time. Between a combination of the Chops and a shortage of iron, the culture was able to get printing into the hands of everyone through money. Unfortunately, because of the shear amount of characters in the Chinese language,Show MoreRelatedThe World Of Graphic Design925 Words   |  4 PagesThe world of Graphic Design has been revolutionized time and time again with many artists setting high standards for aspiring graphic designers. Two artists who are interesting and innovative in their own ways are graphic designers Chipp Kidd and Jennifer Morla. Kidd has created many design successes with some of his most famous book jackets being Jurassic Park, Naked by Davis Sedaris and All the Pretty Horses. The desi gns of the books are all drastically diverse, making it difficult to pinpointRead MoreGraphic Design : Imagine The World Without Art1227 Words   |  5 Pages10- 6th hour 8 February 2016 Graphic Design Imagine the world without art. It would be extremely dull, gloomy, and depressing. Art brings color, individuality, uniqueness, and happiness into our lives. Graphic design is one way to express this. Graphic designers are able to be creative and see their vision of what something should look like come to life. It is a job that is always in demand, earns a great living, and provides many great opportunities. Graphic design is the art and practice of planningRead MoreHow Graphic Design Influence Our View Of The World?1812 Words   |  8 PagesHow does graphic design influence our view of the world? As viewers we are exposed to images constantly, and in the case of graphic design the images we see are designed to communicate messages to us. Barnard (2005:1) claims that ‘most people see more examples of graphic design before they go to work than they see examples of art in a year’, thus it is apparent just how powerful graphic design is, as well as how influential to us. This essay concerns the application of graphic design in two contrastingRead MoreOday, Graphic Design Has Taken Over The Entire World. â€Å"In1062 Words   |  5 Pagesoday, graphic design has taken over the entire world. â€Å"In recent years, design has become an international phenomenon affecting an increasing number of countries from the developing world and designers play a major role in the process of cultural and sustainable development† (Sasaki, Sali). Some may think it’s just a simple color or a logo, but it’s not just that. It’s a way of persuasion. Graphic de signers alter the way an individual goes about their daily life. Most don’t realize the effects thatRead MoreThe History of Graphic Design Essay1085 Words   |  5 PagesHistory of Graphic Design Thesis Graphic design is an art that has undergone a lot of revolution in terms of both the historical context and the relevance and significance of art in various aspects of life. Graphic design has one of the longest histories, dating back to prehistoric and medieval era to the modern era of the modernists. It is therefore easy to conclude that graphic design is as old as humanity. many graphic designers have foreseen the this revolution , including legendary graphic designersRead MoreGraphic Design And Art And Design1182 Words   |  5 PagesOften times a painting has the same structure as a design. The details can be similar for both Graphic Design and Fine Art. Paintings such as Son of Man by Magritte which has basics such as shadow, highlight, simple composition, and a dull color palette. A design for Apple Laptops was created of a decal of Son of Man. This design also had shadow, light, basic composition, and an achromatic color palette. The structure is the same, but one is created digitally and one is a painting. The processesRead MoreGraphic Designs Of Graphic Design1237 Words   |  5 PagesGraphic design is a big part of the art world. Graphic design is used as an outlet to advertising all over the world. From logos to murals, graphic design is there to spread a message. There are many different categories of graphic design: Editorial design, web design, Photography, illustration, 3D design and corporative design. Each type or category obviously focuses on a different element of graphic design overall. Web design happens to be the most popular aspect of graphic design. Most graphicRead MoreGraphic Design Is An Excellent Choice For A Career Essay1681 Words   |  7 Pagesmany careers each person has to find the one that fits them and what they wish to pursue best. Graphic design is an excellent choice for a career especially if the individual is very artistic. There are several layers of information to go through about what graphic design is, how it works, what it takes to be one, and if there will be enough money being made to support a life and future. Graphic design is the art of planning the ideas an individual comes up with and projecting them with visual andRead MoreDesigning A Corporate Level Of The Renaissance Of Classical Literature And Early 21st Century966 Words   |  4 PagesGraphic Design, often referred to as visual communication, â€Å"is the transmission of information and ideas using symbols† as defined by author David White. Type design and page layout began in the Renaissance of classical literature and continued through the work of Italian humanists. However, Design on a corporate level did not begin until the years after world war two. Following the war, â€Å"good design is good business† was a major theme and the driving force for the future of the industry. GiovanniRead MoreNew Technology Has Affected Traditional Graphic Design851 Words   |  4 Pagestraditional Graphic Design During the past years, graphic design has been changing all over the world, especially regarding the use of certain techniques of designing. Traditional principles and techniques of design allow designers to be more creative, but more and more designers are using computers. So, is new technology good or bad? It may seem strange to consider the different aspects of graphic design because most people only know the technological side. Though most people think graphic design is more

Multicultural Counseling Traditions and Expressions

Question: Discuss about the Multicultural Counselingfor Traditions and Expressions. Answer: Introduction Culture is conventions, standards, traditions, expressions, history, and qualities shared in a society. In the first place, understanding society helps us to know how others decipher their condition. We understand that culture shapes how people see their world and how they function. Culture shapes individual and relating qualities and attitudes, including insight's about what works and what doesn't work, what is helpful and what is not, what looks good and what does not. In understanding a general public we ought to maintain a strategic distance from slant that can undermine them. It propels positive characteristics of a particular assembling and mirrors a valuation for social differences. Finally, it expect a section in the change of prosperity and human organization transport program. Culture makes us human cultures depending on the profession, educational, nationality, religious or spiritual beliefs, sexuality, generational, family and gender. Culture influence our daily ways of d oing things how we carry our work, behavior and style, use of language, how we solve conflicts challenges and problems, negotiations and relationship creating (Axelson 1993).. Multicultural exhorting is the thing that happens when a specialist control works with a customer from another party and how that may impact coordinated efforts that happen inside the coordinating relationship either being spiritualism and most significant feeling of being, sexual presentation, sex, age and improvement, budgetary class, family history, and even geographic zone. The underlying stage in convincing multicultural managing is to recognize and perceive the differentiations between the professional and customer. Before carrying out interactions with people from different cultures, you need to enquire in some things to avoid hurting them emotionally or bringing up chaos. Learning what not to what to say and what not to, their likes and dislikes instinctive societies will talk at different volumes, be pretty much direct in demonstrating their feelings, they might hope to take part in less talking. When speaking with individuals from different societies, be set up to experienc e such contrasts, including ones that you didn't know. About the culture of the people you are about to interact with by asking or getting information from the relevant sources what to do and When communicating with a different culture, there may be unwritten rules about the culture. Example, you may originate from a culture where men and ladies are relied upon to connect similarly with each other. Correspondingly, you might speak with somebody who expects that a more youthful individual ought to give a more established individual a chance to do the talking the more youthful to tune in and talk lesser, while you trust individuals crosswise over age gatherings to convey similarly. At the point when you do not comprehend somebody, or surmise that he or she didn't have any acquaintance with you, you say something in regards to it. Abstain from being inconsiderate or hostile, clarify the issue. It is normally preferred to be precious stone over releasing an issue in correspondence strip ped, to prevent huge problems later. You may use words like come up again or ask whether you are paging the same way. Speaking should be slowly and clearly avoiding random shouting, using formal language avoiding your foreign language, using correct non-verbal actions maintaining proper eye contact (Gladding, 2012). Enhancing Multicultural Counseling To enhance multicultural counseling one has to have personal strengths. Example, inviting critique from people and accepting it openly even though receiving review 's hard and significantly more hard to request and recognize input freely. One ought to start welcoming investigate and expressing gratitude toward partners for offering it; peers empower you to be reasonable and sensible evaluator (Ivey, Zalaquett, 2013). Perceive that Partners' Character The appraisal may not be appreciated but of any gathering or affiliation, and evaluators may have little control over how people experience or decipher their objectives. Building coalitions with evaluators who differ in race, ethnicity, sexual presentation, gender, or spiritualism. Commentators help to decide the legitimacy, worth, and viability of projects and arrangements that influence multicultural populaces. Along these lines, examiners can change the lives of others. Multicultural ability is about what is yet to be found right now; it is logically particular, investigate diverse individuals on numerous measurements and in better places; this is training. Partners who give off an impression of being intentionally uncooperative might be simply responding to your non-verbal communication, administration style, and history from past assessments, or different variables. Looking at your strategies, investigating your procedure will make you more acquainted with an assortment of systems, along these lines improving your capacity to recognize, identify, and control estimation inclination in testing and other appraisal instruments. Limitations to multiculturalism are oppression to rights to express views and values, freedom of tolerance and equality, rights to nat ional language, gender and right to express one's culture (Lee, 2014). Firmly held Beliefs Everyone I meet is the closest companion I don't know yet. The truth is we're altogether associated; we're all from a similar human family. We're all bodies conceived from stars that bite the dust and come back to the earth. At regular intervals is the most essential of my life. You can let this day, this minute, be fresh out of the plastic new, or you can flounder in the past and stress over the future. You can make today a gift and a blessing, or you can misuse it. When you go about as though today is an unfathomable chance to love completely and give your endowments profoundly, new universes will start to open that you didn't know could exist. By serving myself in the first place, I can better serve the world. The more you deal with yourself, the more noteworthy you grow your ability for helping others. It's as basic as that. And at any rate, if you trust that the world is you then by not serving yourself, you're harming the world. Is that what you need? Is that the sort of case y ou need to set? Helping yourself isn't egotistical; it's one of the most profound indications of watching over others you can appear (Zunker, 2002). Attitudes and Values Influence your Vehavior Towards Others. Manners either good or bad, old fashioned or trending may change mood depending on the perceptive of the other person. Pride measures the value of humility in a person or even things one is proud of being it activities or ownership. Clothes, this depends on the activity either formal or informal and lastly family life, the way of interaction with the people around you which makes you become who you are (Robinson Bradley 2005). In conclusion, culture makes us human cultures depending on the profession, educational, nationality, religious or spiritual beliefs, sexuality, generational, family and gender. Before carrying out interactions with people from different cultures, you need to enquire in some things to avoid hurting them emotionally or bringing up chaos. Multicultural skill is what is yet to be found right now; it is logically particular, investigate diverse individuals on various measurements and in better places; this is training. We should respect other people's culture to promote a peaceful coexistence with others in the community. References Ivey, A., Ivey, M., Zalaquett, C. (2013). Intentional interviewing and counselling: Facilitating client development in a multicultural society. Nelson Education. Lee, C. C. (Ed.). (2014). Multicultural issues in counselling: New approaches to diversity. John Wiley Sons. Gladding, S. T. (2012). Counselling: A comprehensive profession. Pearson Higher Ed. Zunker, V. G. (2002). Career counselling: Applied concepts of life planning. Wadsworth Publishing Company. Nelson-Jones, R. (2002). Diverse goals for multicultural counselling and therapy.Counselling Psychology Quarterly,15(2), 133-143. Collins, S., Arthur, N. (2007). A Framework for Enhancing Multicultural Counselling Competence.Canadian Journal of Counselling,41(1), 31-49. Axelson, J. A. (1993).Counseling and development in a multicultural society. Thomson Brooks/Cole Publishing Co. Robinson, B., Bradley, L. (2005). Multicultural Counselling: Research on Perceptions of School Counsellors.Guidance Counselling,21(1), 30-35.

Liquidation Problem in One Tel. Phone Company

Question: Discuss about the Liquidation Problem in One Tel. Phone Company. Answer: Introduction The bankrupcy of an organization is a moderate procedure, however it is generally trailed by a monetary emergency confronted with an organization wherein it neglects to clear its contribution from the business sector and must be pronounced bankrupt. Once an organization is announced bankrupt, their advantages and operations are painstakingly, measured by the vendor and they are sold in a deliberate matter. Liquidation is not generally a constrained matter, a few organizations pronounce they bankrupt and go into deliberate liquidation to pay the loan bosses and stop the operations of the organization. On account of automatic liquidation, the procedure is much of the time required and constrained by the loan bosses and the legislature (Gnenny, 2013). Company Profile The One.Tel Company was an Australian media transmission organization that began its operation in the 1995 after the freshest de-direction of the media transmission industry in the Australia. The organization began its means in the media transmission business with the assistance of generally eminent families and had an extraordinary future ahead. The fundamental point of the organization was to make a media transmission organization that is gone from the youthful era and their needs of the evolving hour. They likewise retailed cellular telephones that additionally turned into a hit with the Australian youth. The deals took off high and inside a couple of years the organization picked up ubiquity and was proclaimed the fourth biggest media transmission organization. It additionally had a firm balance between different markets like Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Parish, Zurich and some more. The organization was a person centered organization and needed to make a media transmission framework, e ach layman would comprehend and utilize. Be that as it may, everything was not well; in 2001 the organization confronted a money related blow and was observed to crumple (Fleckner, 2013). Casues of Liquidation in the company The organization that began in 1995 recognized a gigantic jump in tradings with its hard work and a new approach. Their thought and promoting to end up an adolescent driven media transmission firm was regarded effective when the One. Tel gathers accomplished the name of the fourth biggest telecom organization in Australia and had its organizations in numerous UK telecom areas. The business was running easily and they had three principle components and administrations which included wired long separation media transmission administration, portable story administration and network access. The period between the year 1998 and 2000 saw an expansion in the client base of the media transmission organization (Monem, 2015). In 2000, the clients of One.Tel expanded to an incredible 2.2 million and there was an extraordinary increment in incomes as well. The incomes proclaimed to be around 653 million dollars. The organization was frequently helped by the Publishing, Broadcasting Limited (PBL) and the News Corporation all through 1999 to 2001 and a sum close to 709 million dollars was contributed over the three year course of events. The organization saw a real increment in the purchasing of range in the main capital urban areas and the organization was seeing colossal increment in capital and speculations. The real point in 2000 was the presentation of the One. Tel Next Generation of system that's got to be accessible skillet Australia and was around then the most inventive and propelled system (McCONNACHIE, 2007). The keen SIM highlight and more administrations enhanced how individuals talked and utilized their telephones. The advanced cells began to wind up more intelligent and the area constructs administrations were with respect to the ascent. The change was seen consistently and afterward the organization went ahead to open up their operations in different nations and areas in Europe (Wakeford, 2003). In 1995, the Optus had 28.5% of the shares, The Karala Investments had half, the James Packer had 5%, FAI had 18% and the organization had a seed capital of 5 million dollars. This was essentially because of the connecting with Optus, the then second biggest media transmission organization in Australia. The organization saw tremendous development in operations and administrations. At first Optus paid 120 dollars to One.Tel for each client that joined Optus, prompting misbehavior, and numerous clients were supposedly paid to connect to Optus (Cimini,Giulio , 2016). The One.Tel acknowledged clients who were not acknowledged by others as clients like single parents, young people, beneficiaries. This made a supposition by numerous banks that the One.Tel Company did not wish to proceed with business as they are not attempting to draw in the long haul clients. The organization that expanded its client number from a zero to 10000 in around a year, yet there were unfortunate terms inside the two organizations which brought about Optus quitting from the organization and ceasing its relationship with One.Tel. It sold its shares for 4 million dollars paying an abundance of 19.75 million for not taking after its 120 million dollar bargain appropriately and halting early (Virginia, 2008). In 1997 the organization saw the beginning of its monetary issues with their shares offering at $2 per offer at the Australian Stock Exchange. The organization began its immense benefits which were accommodated the world to see, however the organization sold the One.Net a nd One.Card were sold off to One.Tel (Whelan, 2016). The organization later on branch the range for Australian capital cities which added up to 9.5 million dollars. The One.Tel Company was not able secure an advance from banks and must be financed by the executives. The organization saw the great day when the Lucent Technologies consented to make and reserve GSM system for One.Tel with a specific end goal to reproduce better media transmission in Europe. The dela expanded the One.Te's; capitalization, making the organization get enrolled under the main 30 Australian organizations (Representatives, 2003). In any case, later on the issues began and the organization saw a downturn in business, last endeavors were made with the consideration of crisp finances, however the organization was later proclaimed bankrupt and the organization executives picked intentional liquidation to clear installments for the speculators and partners. The marked down phone organization One.Tel lost around 5 billion dollars simultaneously and the numerous deficiencies with the administration were found in the inquiry of the outlet. The official Jodee Rich, who was One.Tel's prime supporter, has as of now been blamed for shutting another product organization that he prior possessed (Zwier, 2003). The executives had would have liked to make benefits in the blasting media transmission business and that they had made the organization. The fundamental financial specialists didn't give careful consideration to the foundation of Jodee Rich, who held the product organization named Imagineering. The same went bankrupt since the organization became too rapidly not able to bolster itself fiscally. The organization saw enormous misfortune and Rich's method for keeping find out costs escaped the books were likewise a purpose behind the developing variations from the norm in the organization. The organization spent great adds up to enlist clients in their media communications ventures all through the world. It was later found that Rich had made the bookkeeping rehearses for own benefits, making a rupture of the ordinary bookkeeping hones (HOLT, 2009). The standard procedure of liquidation of the organization is an intricate procedure, even in this way, when the liquidation is an obligatory liquidation or constrained liquidation. The organization One.Tel confronted critical issues in the monetary segment and its aggregate resources was esteemed underneath the aggregate obligations to the banks. The main target of a liquidation procedure is to have the capacity to pay the obligations. The procedure of willful liquidation guarantees that the organization names an outlet to research the natters identified with account and the explanations behind this arrangement was to get an appropriate valuation of the budgetary resources. The formal ad is issued to advise general society of the chapter 11 status of the organization and the bankruptcy administrations, and afterward the loan bosses is checked. The leasers are paid their profits according to the principles and after that The advantages are assessed and they are in a moderate procedure sold off into the business sector and the sum gathered from the deal is then appropriated among the loan bosses to reimburse the obligations. This includes a request handled by the courts and after that the loan boss' determination. Once the liquidation of the organization is finished The Company at long last stops to exist (Palfrey, 2013). Along these line, Great corporate administration is not just an instrument that raises productivity, enhances access to capital, and guarantees maintainability it is additionally rising as a viable hostile to debasement apparatus. On the everyday exchange level it makes fixes more hard to offer and to cover. At the basic leadership level, corporate administration infuses straightforwardness and responsibility, so that it is clear how choices are made and why. At long last, fundamental the very foundations of corporate administration and giving its ethical compass, is morals. The moral conduct of organizations is once in a while perceived as a foundation of good corporate administration. However, from numerous points of view, morals underlies a lot of business conduct, whether it is at the board or staff level, and paying little mind to an organization's geographic area, size, or industry. OneTel's downfall additionally highlights various key lacks in its corporate administration hones. When it caved in it had yearly offers of AU$653 million and operations in seven nations. Be that as it may, regardless of an obviously secure money related position, OneTel had a perilously insufficient corporate administration structure. Its two CEOs had exorbitant impact on the BOD to the degree that the organization never had a customary, assigned administrator set up. Or maybe, the CEOs and other official chiefs went about as the BOD seat on a specially appointed premise. Non-official chiefs had insufficient observing and oversight of administration, which was reflected in the structure of the review, corporate administration and compensation councils, all of which were commanded by the CEOs and the official chiefs Suggestion It is thus prescribed that the organizations confronting money related misfortune ought to have their benefits esteemed and if there are approaches to determine the matter between the lenders and the organization, such strides ought to be taken (Craig, 2016). On the off chance that the measure of obligation or the sum required to pay lenders are more than the estimation of present resources, then the rest of the advantages ought to be condensed and the sum ought to be circulated equitably between the leasers to give them some pay to the credits they have given. Deliberate liquidation is constantly superior to a mandatory one (DIANE, 2015). Conclusion Even though there are different instances of organizations thinking that it's difficult to keep their organizations running, There are comparable cases like the On. Tel organization which confronted tremendous monetary misfortune. The organization depended on intentional liquidation, which brought about the installment of the obligations from the One. Tel. The UK organizations of the One.Tel were obtained by the Centrica Company, taking after the Liquidation and the UK organizations were taken care of effectively and later the organization was purchased by a News Corporation individual. References Cimini,Giulio , 2016. Entangling Credit and Funding Shocks in Interbank Markets. [Online] Available at: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0161642 [Accessed 07 September 2016]. Craig, N., 2016. Improving Store Liquidation , s.l.: Harvard Business School. DIANE, 2015. Securities investor protection steps needed to better disclose SIPC policies to investors. s.l.:DIANE Publishing. Fleckner, A. M., 2013. Comparative Corporate Governance: A Functional and International Analysis. s.l.:Cambridge University Press. Gnenny, O., 2013. Definition Of Liquidation Property Value. Business, Management and Education, 1(13), pp. 1-11. HOLT, J., 2009. A Summary of the Primary Causes of the Housing Bubble. The Journal of Business Inquiry , 23(9), pp. 55-63. McCONNACHIE, A. J. C., 2007. Law Of Insolvency Liquidation/Winding-Up Of Companies, s.l.: Rhodes University. Monem, R., 2015. The One-Tel Collapse: Lessons for Corporate Governance, s.l.: Griffith University. Palfrey, ,. G., 2013. Born Digital: Understanding the First Generation of Digital Natives. s.l.:Basic Books. Representatives, A. P. H. o., 2003. Parliamentary Debates Australia: House of Representatives, Volume 251. s.l.:Commonwealth Government Printer. Virginia, t. U. o., 2008. The Electrical Journal, Volume 41. s.l.:the University of Virginia. Wakeford, H., 2003. A social history of the mobile telephone with a view of its future. BT Technology Journal , 21(3), pp. 1-10. Whelan, J. S., 2016. Employee entitlements and corporate insolvency and reconstruction. Journal of Finance, 6(5), pp. 5-9. Zwier, L., 2003. Employee entitlements and corporate insolvency and reconstruction. Insolvency Law Journal, 5(7), pp. 5-9.

The Birthday Present free essay sample

After a year of waiting, it was finally my birthday! I was so excited that morning that I woke up at 7am, cleaned the house, and waited for my mom to wake up, so we could begin decorating. But little did I know my uncle would later ruin my party. This experience taught me how to laugh at myself. As soon as my mom woke up we began to decorate the house with Toy Story party supplies and started to cook the food. My brother’s friend rented jumpers so he let us borrow 2 for free! My dad arrived with the pinatas and cake! While the guests began to arrive I remembered my uncle Hector, who had recently come from Mexico who we had not seen in a very long time, so I decided to invite him. I called him and told him I was having a birthday party and would like him to come. We will write a custom essay sample on The Birthday Present or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He said he’d be at my house at 5:30pm. Did I mention he has a bit of a hearing problem? Everybody was having a great time. We started to serve the food; carne asada, beans, and rice. After eating we broke the pinatas and gave out the candy bags. My uncle finally arrived. He had a confused look on his face. After some party games we cut the cake! Which, incase your wondering, was an ice cream cake. Then it was time for the best part of the party, at least for me, First I opened the biggest box that had Toy Story wrapping paper that said, â€Å"From your uncle Pablo†; it was a Play Station 2! I now invite him to all my birthday parties! Then I opened a blue gift bag with balloon pictures on the side that was from my aunt Martha, it was a Chivas t-shirt! I love my aunt Martha! As I kept on opening presents, I began to get curious about a pink birthday bag that said,†From your uncle Hector. † I thought to myself,†The bag doesn’t matter,† because I know that us Mexicans tend to reuse old gift bags. My cousins, neighbors, and friends watched as I pulled out a Hannah Montana DVD/CD out of that pink bag†¦ I lost it. I grabbed that thing threw it to the floor and stomped on that thing like a mad man! I eventually stopped, saw everybody laughing, thought about what I did, and I laughed so hard, that people started to get worried. Later that night my uncle explained to us that the voice on the phone sounded like a girl’s voice. So he thought it was my sister’s birthday party. I’m not inviting him to my parties no more. So now every time I want to have a good laugh, I watch the video of me destroying Hannah Montana!!! Now laughing at myself and what I do is always easy! I also do a little research on who I invite to my birthday parties!!!

English Test Options for ESL Students

English Test Options for ESL Students Students need to take English tests, as well as other tests! Of course, learners need to take English tests at school, but they are often required to take English tests such as the TOEFL, IELTS, TOEIC or FCE. In a number of instances, you can decide which English test to take. This guide will help you begin to choose the best English test to take for your English learning needs and goals for both further education and career. Each of the major English tests is discussed and point towards more resources to study and prepare for these all important English tests. To begin with, here are the major tests and their full titles:   TOEFL - Test of English as a Foreign LanguageIELTS - International English Language Testing SystemTOEIC - Test of English for International CommunicationFCE - First Certificate in EnglishCAE - Certificate in   Advanced EnglishBULATS - Business Language Testing Service These English tests are created by two companies that dominate the English learning system word wide: ETS and the University of Cambridge. TOEFL and TOEIC are provided by ETS and IELTS, FCE, CAE, and BULATS are developed by the University of Cambridge. ETS ETS stands for Educational Testing Service. ETS provides the TOEFL and the TOEIC test of English. It is an American company with headquarters in Princeton, New Jersey. ETS tests focus on North American English and computer based. Questions are almost exclusively multiple choice and ask you to choose from four choices based on information you have read, heard or have to deal with in some manner. Writing is also tested on the computer, so if you have difficulties typing you may have difficulties with these questions. Expect North American accents on all listening selections. University of Cambridge The University of Cambridge based in Cambridge, England is responsible for a wide range of English exams. However, the main international tests that are discussed in this overview are the IELTS the FCE and the CAE. For business English, the BULATS is also an option. Currently, the BULATS is not as popular as the other tests, but that may change in the future. The University of Cambridge is a dominate force in the entire English learning world, producing many English learning titles, as well as administering tests. Cambridge exams have a wide variety of question types including multiple choice, gap-fill, matching, etc. You will hear a wider variety of accents on University of Cambridge exams, but they tend towards British English. Your Objective The first and most important question to ask yourself when choosing your English test is: Why do I need to take an English test? Choose from the following for your answer: I need to take an English test for study at UniversityI need to take an English test to get a job or improve my careerI want to improve my overall skills in English, but not necessarily for a purpose such as getting a better job or going to a university Study for University If you need to take an English test for study at a university or in an academic setting you have a few choices. To focus solely on academic English, take the TOEFL or the IELTS academic. Both are used as qualifications for entrance into universities. There are some important differences. Many universities around the world now accept either test, but they are more common in certain countries. TOEFL - Most common exam for study in North American (Canada or United States)IELTS - Most common exam for study in Australia or New Zealand FCE and CAE are more general in nature but are often requested by universities throughout the European Union. If you live in the European Union, the best choice is either the FCE or the CAE. Free TOEFL Exam PreparationFree IELTS Exam PreparationFCE Exam PreparationCAE Exam Preparation Resources Study for Career If career motivations are the most important reason in your choice of English test, take either the TOEIC or the IELTS general test. Both of these tests are requested by many employers and test an understanding of English as used in the workplace, as opposed the academic English which is tested in the TOEFL and IELTS academic. Also, the FCE and CAE are excellent tests for developing overall English language skills in a wide range of areas. If your employer is not specifically asking for the TOEIC or the IELTS general, I would highly recommend considering the FCE or CAE. Free IELTS Exam Preparation General English Improvement If your goal in taking an English test is to improve your overall English, I would highly recommend taking the FCE (First Certificate in English) or, for more advanced learners, the CAE (Certificate in Advanced English). In my years of teaching English, I find these tests to be most representative of English usage skills. They test all aspects of English learning and the English tests themselves are very reflective of how you would use English in everyday life. Special Note: Business English If you have worked for a number of years and want to improve your English skills exclusively for Business purposes, the BULATS exam administered by the University of Cambridge is by far the best choice. For more information from the provider of these tests you can visit the following sites: TOEFL - Test of English as a Foreign Language IELTS - International English Language Testing System TOEIC - Test of English for International Communication FCE - First Certificate in English CAE - Certificate in   Advanced English BULATS - Business Language Testing Service

Political instability in the Solomon islands and Australias relations Essay

Political instability in the Solomon islands and Australias relations - Essay Example Australia is helping the Solomon Islands Government address continuing problems of lawlessness and economic decline.† (Year book, Australia, 2005, P. 82). Therefore, the diplomatic relations of Australia with the Solomon Islands have essential role in the peace keeping process of the nation as well as the region. To analyze the background information of the Solomon Islands, the British Government established a protectorate over the Solomon Islands in 1893 and they provided some of the bloodiest land, sea and air battles of World War II from 1942 to 1945. The land achieved independence in 1976 following the struggles by the indigenous people after World War II. In a careful analysis of the history of the Solomon Islands, it becomes lucid that political instability was a ground reality from its establishment and the diplomatic relations of Australia played a significant role in this context. Various political situations and developments in the Solomon Islands required the interve ntion of a political power such as Australia and it has been seriously involved in working to promote stability and growth in the nation and the region. In this paper, Australia’s deep and longstanding relationship with the Solomon Islands is analyzed in detail in order to determine the various aspects of the nation’s relationship with the Solomon Islands. Australia’s relationship with Solomon Islands, which has been deep and longstanding, has played a major role in the attempts to promote stability and growth in the nation. The bilateral relationship between the two nations has been very significant and Australia maintains a serious business relationship with Solomon Islands. â€Å"Australia maintains a close business relationship with Solomon Islands†¦ Recognizing the scope and scale of the challenges confronting Solomon Islands, Australia continues to provide

Identifying the Problem Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Identifying the Problem - Assignment Example Primary research is an original research that is performed by the company or an external consultant, while secondary research is information that is already available in the market such as journal articles, professional databases, websites, or magazines among other sources (DeVault). Based on the circumstances Ajax Foods faces the company should perform primary research. The firm has to determine whether its customers desire to purchase its chicken pies in the deli section of supermarkets. A way to determine the viability of the project is by selecting a few stores for a beta test of the product. The company should develop questionnaires to be given out to the customers that purchase the chicken pies at the deli section of the beta test. In the questionnaire the company will ask the customers a series of questions including whether they would be interested in purchasing other types of food products from Ajax Foods. Once the primary research is completed the firm has to analyze its results. Based on those results the company will make the decision of whether or not to expand its product

Employee training Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Employee training - Essay Example The company does not have to arrange for extra resources for training. Employees also get to learn practically while remaining on the job. This makes them more productive. They also tend to interact with other employees, which is effective for their development as employees. In off-the-job training, the employee is not trained at the workplace, but is given training elsewhere (Draga, 2011). There are many methods in this type of training, such as the employee takes a day release to get off the job to attend a seminar or a workshop at some other place. He may be encouraged to take evening classes or courses at a local college. He may also be told to take computer classes at some academy. This way, he is trained while he is not at the workplace. A major advantage is that the employee tends to learn a greater set of competencies and qualifications (Duggan, 2012). He may get a degree or a certificate which may be beneficial for him in future. He learns from various professionals. This way, he is more confident while returning to the workplace. Draga, R. (2011). Welcome to the Trainingcenter Butzweilerhof: Off-The-Job-Training. Retrieved November 25, 2012, from

Developing Diversity in the Clinical Psychology Profession

Developing Diversity in the Clinical Psychology Profession The profession of clinical psychology is currently  predominately  predominantly white, female and middle class. What can  be done to ensure that we become a more diverse and  inclusive profession? Word count:1.256 The question of how the field can be made more – can be made more diverse and inclusive is one that has been much explored in the clinical psychology community in Britain as well as in other countries. This essay will examine strategies and initiatives previously put in place in order to recruit clinical psychologists from a wider pool of applicants, and look at how successful such initiatives have been. Finally, the discussion will focus on what seems to be the best way forward for the profession in its efforts to more closely reflect the disparate communities of which it serves. The skewed demographics of the profession might be at least partly responsible for the low usage rates of clinical psychology services by black, ethnic minority and male UK citizens. An influential BPS report entitled â€Å"Widening access within undergraduate psychology education and its implications for professional psychology: Gender, disability and ethnic diversity† was published in recent yearsrecently published (Turpin Fensom, 2004). The report revealed that only 5.8% of UK clinical psychologists were recruited from ethnic minorities, and that a mere 23% were men. These figures called indicated a need for greater efforts to increase the number of recruits from black and other ethnic minority (BME) and disabled communities. The report referred to the work of Davenhill et al. (1989), who made a number of recommendations to widen access of BME groups into clinical psychology training. Unfortunately, little progress was made.[RZ2] The BPS has, however, demonstrated an ongoing commitment to deal with this complex matter, such as the setting up of a ‘Race and Culture Special Interest Group’. Amongst the Group’s aims and objectives is a stated commitment to â€Å"promote strategies that increase Black and Minority Ethnic Communities to the profession of Clinical Psychology, †; [RZ3]and to â€Å"promote the view that training in clinical psychology should reflect the needs of people from Black and Minority Ethnic Communities† (Reference!!!).[RZ4] A notable contribution has also been made by the BPS s ‘Standing Committee for the Promotion of Equal Opportunities’, which amongst other valuable functions, monitors levels of minority representation within the BPS. According to the most recent available figures, these BPS initiatives have not as yet had significant impact on diversity and inclusiveness, but it is perhaps too early to condemn them as inadequate and ineffectual. Turpin and Fensom’s 2004 report (2004) gives interesting figures, showing that psychology is hugely popular as an undergraduate discipline with approximately 80,000 applicants a year, of which 79 percent are female. In the field of psychology, BME students are more highly represented at 12 percent compared with the rest of the population studying other subjects. The same study also found that out of those from a BME background, only 1.4 percent are successful in their clinical training applications, compared with 3.95 percent of those who are white, and 3.5 percent who are male. With regard to clinical training, approximately 9.4 percent of students are of a BME background, whereas only 6.2 percent of these are successful. Of the 90.6 percent who consider themselves to be white however, the success rate is 93 percent. These data point towards highly complex reasons for a profession dominated by white females of a middleclass background. Gender bias in psychology has been recognised for many years (Morris et.al, 1992). It is likely that the nature of the discipline appeals more to females than men. [RZ5]But it might also be influenced by lack of knowledge of the true nature of psychology as well as that of future career possibilities. Amongst the practical measures announced in the BPS report mentioned above, were a recruitment video to be used in schools, and an initiative to make careers advisors more aware of the employment opportunities offered by clinical psychology. [RZ6] It can be argued that the mere process of undertaking clinical training in itself is likely to exclude certain social groups. [RZ7]The ratio of applicants far outweighs the places available, 29.3 per cent in 2002 (Turpin and Fensom, 2004) and this in itself is likely to deter some people. In addition to high academic entrance requirements, s several years of relevant experience is required, Working as an assistant psychologist does not in itself necessarily give opportunities for a career, and even years of experience do not always guarantee acceptance into clinical training. This can give an impression of uncertainty in addition to the likelihood of eventually being in substantial financial debt. [RZ8] All these factors could partly explain the reduction in applications from students from a BME background. Little is known about the perception of psychology as a vocation within or across different ethnic groups and culture. Darr (1998) found that ethnic applicants to higher education undervalued allied health professions as career choice and chose more traditional careers instead.[RZ9] Research has also shown that BME students obtain fewer 2.1 and 1.st degrees than their fellow white students (Pathak, 2000). This in itself might partly explain the drop in applications to clinical training, but it does not explain why fewer applicants from BME groups are successful compared to their white peers (Turpin and Fensom 2004, Boyle et al, 1993). Turpin and Fensom doubt that an explicit discrimination factor at short listing and interview would simply account for this. But in addition to the academic criteria and the necessary working experience, applicants are also vetted through interviews and other tasks. (Phillips, Hatton Gray, 2001). It is tempting to hypothesise, building on knowledge from social psychology, that applicants from minority backgrounds may encounter greater difficulties in conveying their knowledge and personal abilities.[RZ10] The important goal of wider diversity within clinical psychology is to ensure that the Mental Health Service can offer adequate therapy for minority and socially excluded groups. More male clinical psychologists from different backgrounds might ensure that the Mental Health Service is accessible to these groups. More research is needed to give an understanding of the gender differences and how psychology is perceived as a career in different ethnic groups. Research into exactly why, or at what stage, ethnic minorities fail in the vetting process might be helpful. [RZ11] References:[RZ12] Widening access within undergraduate psychology education and its implications for professional psychology: Gender, disability and ethnic diversity, (BPS, 2004) BPS Equal Opportunities Policy Davenhill R, Hun H, Piallary H M, Harris A Klein Y (1989). Training and selection issues in clinical psychology for black and minority ethnic groups from an equal opportunities perspective. Clinical Psychology Forum,21 34-36 Darr, A. (1998) Improving the recruitment and retention of Asian students on nursing, midwifery, radiography and physiotherapy courses: A qualitative research study. Bradford and Airedale Health Related Strategy Group. Morris,P., Cheung,D. Smith,H. (1992) How and why applicants choose to study psychology at university. The Psychologist,5, Pathak,S. (2000) Research report topic, race research for the future ethnicity. In Education, Training and the Labour Market. Department of Education and Employment,UK Phillips,A.,Hatton,C. Gray,l. (2001) Which selection methods do clinical psychology courses use? Clinical Psychology,8 19-24 [RZ1] [RZ2]Can you provide a quote from the report here to illustrate why little progress was made? What are the criteria for progress in this area? [RZ3]What are these strategies? [RZ4]Yes, don’t forget to reference this quote! [RZ5]Why? Support this assertion. [RZ6]You may want to consider moving this explanation of practical measures to the previous page, where the question of strategies is raised initially. [RZ7]Why? Are certain social groups less demonstrably likely to display the work ethic necessary to complete clinical training? [RZ8]Good point. [RZ9]Does Darr hypothesise why this might be so? [RZ10]Why is it tempting? Internalized racism? [RZ11]Miid 2:2 Standard. You should consider spending less time describing the particulars of the problem and more time analyzing why the problem exists and what might be done about it. Otherwise, well-written and well-sourced. [RZ12]K c

Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun - The Importance of the Strug

The Importance of the Struggle in A Raisin in the Sun      Ã‚   â€Å"Why do some people persist despite insurmountable obstacles, while others give up quickly or never bother to try† (Gunton 118)? A Raisin in the Sun, a play by Lorraine Hansberry, is a commentary on life and our struggle to comprehend and control it. The last scene in the play between Asagai and Beneatha contrasts two contemporary views on why we keep on trying to change the future, and reaches the conclusion that, far from being a means to an end, the real meaning of life is the struggle. Whether we succeed or not, our lives are purposeful only if we have tried to make the world a better place for ourselves and others- only, in other words, if we follow our dreams.    Many self-described realists dismiss this attitude as naive and unrealistic, that finding value in the pursuit of dreams is merely a self-induced delusion. Often, this perspective is obtained after much bitter suffering for little or no apparent reason, as in the case of Beneatha Younger. Already a natural cynic due to the condition of the world into which she was born, a world where poor blacks with aspirations of something better were generally doomed, she became embittered with life when her dream of becoming a doctor was seemingly shattered. From an outside perspective, it seems obvious that she reacted poorly: the money her brother lost, after all, was not hers at all but her mother's, and how she expected to finance college without the death of her father and the insurance check that followed is unclear. What is clear, however, is that the death of her long-held aspiration had a profound effect on her. â€Å"A dream glanced from afar brings disappointment when it collapses; a dream that dies w... ...th the mundane, everyday anxieties of life, giving little thought to what our existence means or how we can change it. There is another reason, however, that we should strive to mold our own future, no matter how futile a task it may seem. Lost causes can be winnable, if enough people care about them to make them succeed: there is always the hundredth dream.    Works Cited: Bloom, Harold. Twientieth-Century American Literature. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. Draper, James P. Black Literature Criticisms. Detroit: Gale Research Incorporated, 1992. Gunton, Sharon R. Contemporary Literary Criticisms. Detroit: Gale Research Company, 1981. Hansberry, Lorraine. A Raisin in the Sun. Literature and the Writing Process. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 1996. Hansberry, Lorraine.   A Raisin in the Sun.   New York:   Signet, 1988.

How do the techniques used in Cabaret give us an insight into the characters of the film?

In the 1970s hit Cabaret, the director, Bob Fosse, successfully uses a variety of filmmaking techniques to draw attention to different aspects of the multifaceted characters. Our understanding of the characters is shaped through the use of techniques ranging from changes in costume to mise-en-scene. Costuming is one of the most revealing aspects, and we can learn a lot about the characters by looking at the clothes they wear. Sally is a prime example of this. On stage Sally sports sexy, suggestive, revealing attire. She feels that she is divinely decadent and really is an international sensation as the emcee claims. This is reflected by the raunchy, glitzy clothes she wears. Sally tries to carry her femme fatale act on into her everyday life. Her clothing is different from the mainstream and this is Sally's attempt to be shocking. It shows a certain flamboyance, and self-confidence to wear these distinctive clothes. However, bit by bit we start to see that the glamorous, decadent Sally is nothing more than a faà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ade behind which a much more troubled, insecure person hides. At crisis points in Sally's life, she is exposed physically and emotionally as the femme fatale mask is stripped away. After she has had an abortion we see Sally in ordinary clothes. On a visit to her father, the little girl Sally emerges and she dresses normally to please her dad. Sally wears glamorous, revealing clothes when she is in a position where she feels she is glamorous, decadent and so on. In times of reality however, she adopts plain clothes. It is as though her clothing reflects not only her mood and feelings, but also her grasp on reality and submission to illusion. Brian's costume is also very reflective of his personality. His well pressed, drab jacket and bland shirt immediately present him as a prim and proper, conventional Briton. As we come to meet Brian we find that this is indeed true. He is reluctant to change, and it takes a while before he accepts sally's sexual advances. Brian undergoes one of the biggest changes when he begins to accept Max. Before he fully accepts Max, Brian changes his drab shirt and jacket for a blue sweater, showing that he is undergoing change. Until this point Brian has worn almost exactly the same clothes, highlighting his reluctance to change. By the time Brian is wanting to marry a pregnant Sally, he is a different man from the traditional Englishman we met at the beginning. He parades around wearing only a tie, pants and a hat. At the end when he decides to return to England, to his more reserved lifestyle he has also reverted back to his original plain clothes. The changes in his clothes are symbolic of t he changes within him. The emcee captivates his audience while wearing a smart suit. This consolidates his status as a powerful figure in Cabaret. He knows what will happen in the film, and his god-like position is reinforced by his smart attire. Max's wealth is evident from his clothing, as are Fritz's money woes from his frayed cuffs. In Cabaret, the clothing closely reflects the nature of the characters. The characters' hair and make-up is also of relevance, and often it too changes with their costumes. The emcee wears a large amount of make-up to accentuate his facial features. His eyebrows are coated in mascara, his face is painted white, he wears vibrant red lipstick and has overly rosy cheeks. He resembles a clown to some extent, or to take it a step further, almost a Shakespearian fool. The emcee plays a role like that of the fool as he dispenses his witty social commentary. Sally's attempts to dazzle and shock continue on into her hair and makeup. Her unusual fringe and hairstyle are truly unique, her eyes are accentuated and her green nails are almost unmistakeable. Sally wants to attract attention and to appear, as she describes herself , as an â€Å"International Woman of Mystery.† Especially in the club, and also in normal life, Sally believes she is this shocking, fantastic person she so desperately wishes to be. Once again, after she returns from her abortion, she is void of her extravagant makeup and the physical exterior behind which she masquerades is gone. The real Sally is exposed. This occurs too when she goes to visit her father. Sally's makeup is another device she uses to propagate her faà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ade. Fosse uses mise-en-scene to shape our perceptions of the characters. Music and dancing is key to Sally's life and her record player is visible in many shots to emphasize this. Sally is a promiscuous girl, and we are reminded of the centrality of her sexual relationships by the central location of her large bed in her room. There is a component of Sally that is truly flamboyant, and this is shown in her room by the presence of living plants. Fosse places barriers in the shots between Sally and Brian right from the beginning, and these barriers allude to the ultimate break-up of their relationship. Fosse uses editing to great effect to communicate parallels and connections between the characters and between events. One example is when Sally performs Maybe This Time. This song drops Sally's blasà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½, promiscuous attitude and shows that Sally really does yearn for love. She is not just singing this song, but she really does hope that maybe this time her relationships will work out. This is shown by the intercutting of scenes showing the development of Sally and Brian's new intimacy. We understand that this is how Sally feels about Brian. This song is also important in terms of the choreography. In the other numbers Sally feels sexy and important as she performs her vivacious, suggestive routine to a large audience. In this song, there are no raunchy moves, nor is there much of an audience. We see that sally is not trying to impress anyone with her apparent decadence. There is no need for her suggestive moves, because this is a song in which she is being herself – s omeone who longs for love. When Brian first appears he is immediately connected to the cabaret world through intercutting with scenes of the emcee. The emcee's god-like role is reinforced by crosscutting, as shots of him smiling sinisterly are shown after noteworthy events have occurred, as if he is saying â€Å"I knew that would happen†. The political nature of the emcee's song, If You Could See Her, and his sympathy to the Jews, is highlighted by the continuation of the song's music into the next shot, which shows Fritz having made his decision. Camera angles are key in showing people as being strong and in control, or weak and powerless. After her abortion, Sally is shown from a number of high angles, and as we look down on her we get the impression of her powerlessness. In contrast, the emcee is shown from low angles, and he appears at an elevated position on the stage. This reaffirms the power the emcee possesses, that is the knowledge of what is to come. In Sally's final song, lighting is used to show her changing emotions. She sings that life is a cabaret but is she ready to have moved on from Brian? A close up of her is shown in which as she sings, the spotlight on her progressively increases in warmth. This change in lighting alerts us to the fact that Sally has indeed committed herself to the cabaret, and is in fact ready to resume her search for stardom. The techniques used in Cabaret really do give us an insight into the characters of the film. People are presented not only as who they are, but also as who they attempt to be. These techniques allow us to better understand each character, and tell us a lot about how they're feeling, their desires and emotions. Whether it is through the subtle changes in mise-en-scene or through the blatant differences in choreography or costume, Fosse's host of film techniques shapes the characters and our understanding of them.

Illegal Anabolic Steroids essays

Illegal Anabolic Steroids essays Illegal anabolic steroids are drugs made from the male sex hormone, testosterone. They promote muscle growth and increase lean body mass. Anabolic steroids have many approved medicinal uses, but many teenagers who use them to improve their athletic performance and physical appearance also abuse them. While the outside appearance may look good, what many teenagers do not know is that steroids can cause permanent damage to the human body. This paper will go over naturally produced steroids, synthetically produced anabolic steroids and review both the negative physical and psychological effects of anabolic steroids on teenagers. Steroids are a class of hormones synthesized from cholesterol. All steroids share the same basic four-ring carbon structure, but are different in the number of carbon atoms attached to the number 17 carbon atom in the structure, and in the number in which hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and the hydroxyl (OH) groups are attached to the carbon atoms. A steroid, known as corticosteroid, is an anti-inflammatory and breaks tissue down. This is different from the steroid known as anabolic. Anabolic steroids usually refer to synthetically produced steroids, which are derivatives of testosterone. Natural testosterone is the primary sex hormone found in men. The adrenal glands are the main source for testosterone in women, where testosterone is produced in much smaller amounts. Testosterone has both anabolic (tissue building) and androgenic (masculinizing) traits. The anabolic effects are mainly muscle growth. The androgenic effects are the development of secondary male sex characteristics. Steroids can be administered to the body orally or injected into the body by a syringe. Steroids taken orally moves through the gastrointestinal tract to the liver, where they are processed before going into the blood. Steroids that are injected into the body enter directly into the bloodstream. Steroid molecules b...

Country Analysis of Luxembourg essays

Country Analysis of Luxembourg essays The purpose of this essay is to discuss the history, economy and politics of Luxembourg. First I will start by briefly discussing the history of Luxembourg and the recent economic trends and political structure of Luxembourg. Then I will discuss the countrys attitude towards integration and whether it was a good idea for them to join the Euro, and finally conclude with my own views of Luxembourg and Europe. I have been asked to write this essay by my lecturer and this is to be submitted by the 19th April 2002. Background on the economics and politics of Luxembourg Luxembourg has shown an outstanding performance in terms of growth and virtually all other macroeconomic indicators in the last decade. It is the smallest, but by far the richest country in Europe. Unemployment is virtually non-existent at less than 2% and its government, alone in the EC, does not need to borrow to cover expenditures. In the last decade Luxembourgs economic growth factors which generated the constant improvement in the standard of living over a century and a half are quite specific. The origin of the incipient industrial development lies in a single sector, the steel industry. However, the country outpaced all other EC countries with a growth rate of 4.1%. From 1989, the inflationary trends resumed, with petroleum products again contributing to this. The trend in consumer prices hence exceeded 3% until 1993. Although in 1992 and 1993 Luxembourgs performance does not seem to be as satisfactory as that of some of its partners, this is attributable above all to the effects of the adaptation of indirect taxes to the Community standards which started in 1992 with the first adjustment of the VAT rates. The adaptations of the thresholds laid down by the EU in the indirect taxation field having been accomplished, the inflation rate fell again to 2.2% in 1994. At the end of 1994, Luxembourg is in the second position among the EU ...

Introducing an airplane Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Introducing an airplane - Essay Example It carries about 300-550 passengers and has a range of about 17500km. The aircraft was designed after extensive consultation with eight airlines to replace the aging aircraft variants that were present in the market at the time such as those mentioned here above. It acted as the bridge between the Boeing 767 and the Boeing 747 in terms of aircraft offerings. The original version was the 200 version which was followed in 1997 by the 200 ER (extended range) and then the stretched 300 version in 1998 which is about 10 meters longer than the original 200 series. The 300ER long range variant was introduced in 2004 followed closely by the 200LR in 2006. From then Boeing has introduced other versions of the Triple Seven including a freighter together with other versions e.g. the Boeing 787. There are three engine offerings available for the 777 including the General Electric GE90, Rolls Royse Trent 800 and the Pratt and Whitney PW4000. This aircraft is one of the best selling fuel efficient commercial airliner capable of flying more than half way around the world. Motivation From the 1970s Boeing had continually unveiled new models to replace and expand its fleet. The need for more capacity and range capability motivated the company to come up with a new long range aircraft that could replace the old Airbus A330, the McDonnell Douglas DC-10 and the Lockheed L1001. Several variants including the 777 tri-jet had been programmed for production before their production was cancelled. The main motivation was to build a reliable, fuel efficient, both long and short range capability and increased passenger capacity. Developments in technology had influenced industry players to bring up the fly by wire design and the Boeing 777 provided the perfect opportunity. It was the first aircraft to adopt the technology. History The developments in technology over the years had influenced players in the aviation industry to expand their fleet with more efficient aircrafts which could be effective in the expanded global market. These developments saw movements with major airlines calling for more range, capacity and fuel efficiency. Boeing Commercial Airlines reacted to this market demand by engaging ten world class airlines to come up with the solution to these deficiencies. In the 1970s Boeing had introduced several models among its fleet such as the twin engine 757 which was to replace the 727, the twin engine 767 to compete the Airbus A300 and the 777 tri-jet (which was later abandoned) challenging the DC-10 and the Lockheed Tri-Star. In the 1980s there was a big gap at Boeing product line where the 767-300ER and the 747-400 that could not adequately achieve the required potential of size and range. The other airlines e.g. Airbus also had old aircraft among their fleet that called for replacement. Airbus had in the meantime moved to fill this gap by developing the A330 and A340. At Boeing, several proposals were being mooted to enlarge the 767 with the result o f the 767-X. It had a capacity of 340 passengers and a range of 13500 km. It was however un-impressive to the company as it did not meet the requirements such as short to intercontinental range capability, flexible cabin configuration and low operating cost. This resulted in the 777. Boeing Commercia

Comparing Plato and Hobbes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Comparing Plato and Hobbes - Essay Example This is true that Hobbes is the creator of the present times’ suburbia.  For Hobbes, the safety of the suburban housing developments that shows a number of TV programs on a ten-minute delay is the best that any of us can wish for.  He has been at the center of quenching any hopes, there are, with respect to old moral philosophers for which much has already been written in the books. The greatest good for Hobbes, then, is safety, and he stops at nothing short than to achieve it. The fact that Hobbes does not believe in any greatest good or utmost aim is significant to his conception of justice because this specifically rules out any possibility of a natural form of justice at all.  Religion thus for that matter is a creation of man and God has become no less than immaterial to any future conversation concerned with justice.  Without God, and without some greater, natural good, justice becomes something invented by man.  Hobbes leaves us with a conception of justice which involves nothing more than minding the laws that are possessed with the sovereign. Hobbes has assumed that man would rather choose to leave the state of nature, where there is no justice or for that matter any kind of injustice and thus build an agreement with the sovereign whereby this will form the basis for the ultimate creation of justice itself.  As stated down by Hobbes, one must agree to accept justice as simply keeping one’s agreements; this is specifically because th ere is nothing more and in essence nothing better than God. Hobbes has factually rejected the notion of justice attached with the haughty philosophers but he has quite a few things in common with that of Plato, who has also set out to create a Leviathan or to a certain extent a particular metropolis, in The Republic of Plato.

Oedipus the king by Sophocles by August Wilson Research Paper

Oedipus the king by Sophocles by August Wilson - Research Paper Example The massager conveys information that the culprit is within the town. Oedipus confirms to his people that he will provide a solution for the issue, by cursing and chasing the murderer from the land (Grene 12). In order to solve the issue, Oedipus seeks the services of the prophet who unravels to him that he is himself the murderer. Oedipus does not believe; instead he blames the prophet and his brother of being in cohorts to destroy his kingship (Grene 16). August Wilson’s fences commences with Troy and Brono in their usual drinking place. Troy is inquiring from his employer the reasons behind the black’s denial to drive the vehicle for garbage. Bono has a notion that Troy is unfaithful to his wife. Meanwhile, troy and Rose’s son have have a place in the soccer team (Shannon 14). Their father was once in the team but could not take part in important leagues because he was old at the moment the team could accept blacks. Cory resigns from the job and wants Troy to let him play, but Troy declines telling him to resume work. Later, troy gets a job as driver contrary to his expectation. In this play, Wilson explores the encounters of blacks in the United States by covering various aspects of discrimination against blacks. Cory resigns from the job and wants Troy to let him play, but Troy declines telling him to resume work. Later, troy gets a job as driver contrary to his expectation. In this play, Wilson explores the encounters of blacks in the United States by covering various aspects of discrimination against blacks. In this paper, emphasis is on comparing and contrasting the plays Oedipus the king and fences, taking into consideration thematic and stylistic devices (Shannon 14).... However, he has no idea until the plague befalls his land (Grene 8). Determined to solve the problem, he sends his brother to the oracle to come with a solution for the problem. His brother comes with the news that the murderer of the former king had to flee from the land for the plague to end. The prophecy stated that Oedipus would â€Å"die a victim† after killing his father and sleeping with his mother (Grene 9). When Oedipus learns of the prophecy, he has no powers to change the situation thus he succumbs as the prophecy state. In this case, the Oedipus cannot decide on what to do because there are powers beyond his abilities, he has no free will, and fate has to prevail. The theme of fate attempts to portray how it is impossible to escape fate (Grene 11). From an observers view, it is not right to blame Oedipus for his deeds because they occur without his consent. Moreover, the prophecy must come true. He has no power to overcome the condition hence he lacks the free will to direct his life since it is fate that depicts his life. The play, fences by Wilson portrays the theme of racism where the blacks face immense suffering due to discrimination (Shannon 15). Troy and Brono narrates to each other the problem they encountered when they were young under the southern regime. Their stories indicate how similar and different their times were, in comparison to the times of their children. Bruno and Troy recalls the life during slavery and after slavery when their father participated in immoral issues. Bruno narrates how his father experienced stress to an extent of failing to play his role as a father (Shannon 18). Racism is evident where the blacks cannot participate in major matches of a national team. The first scene occurs with Troy being unable to

Functionalist Theory Essay Example for Free

Functionalist Theory Essay The functionalist theory is one that views the society as one that is social system made up of interrelated components. Each of these components is important and works together towards the achievement of a whole complete society. A common analogy supporting the functionalist theory is the human body which has several body organs which usually work together with problems in one organ affecting the rest of the body. The major components within a society are customs, traditions, norms and institutions such as families. It is agreed among major functionalists that social institutions make the essential components of society with rules and regulations being needed so as to organize the society in an effective manner. Functionalism within the discipline of anthropology developed in the early 20th century as a reaction to the extremes of the diffusionist and evolutionary theories developed within the 19th century (Goldschmidt 1996). The change was as a result of a change in focus from the more speculative diachronic examination of cultural traits and social customs as survivals to a more synchronic examination of the various social institutions existing within functioning societies. Functionalists were attempting to increase socio-cultural examination beyond the limits of the evolutionary notion of social history which viewed cultural traits and social customs as the residual pieces of cultural history. The theory has anthropological roots based on the thoughts and works of Bronislaw Malinowski, who argued that social institutions existed so as to meet the physiological needs of individuals within a society. As such, social stability was achieved by ensuring the needs of the individuals comprising the society were met with adequate knowledge of the feelings and motives of these individuals forming a basis for understanding how the society functioned. He viewed culture as the main element that ensured the needs of the members of a society were met. It is also based on the works of Alfred Radcliffe-Brown who argued that the basic divisions of anthropology were the various processes of human life within a social structure interlinked through interactions. Stability within society was therefore achieved through social practices that would repeat themselves and develop overtime supporting each other. As such, he theorized functional analysis as the attempt to understand social stability by observing how these social practices would fit together. The functionalist theory is also based on the thoughts and works of major social positivists and was first theorized by Auguste Comte following the French revolution which resulted in social malaise. This led him to see the need for social cohesion within society. This was followed by the works of Emile Durkheim that advanced the theory of organic solidarity, whose major emphasis was on the fundamental function that ethical consensus played in ensuring social order as well as building an equilibrium within society. His main concern was how certain societies were able to maintain stability and be able to survive hence proposed that such societies are usually have subdivisions with the separate divisions being held mutually by common values and symbols. In addition, Talcott Parsons argued that a social system is usually one that is comprised of the actions of individuals who are faced with a variety of choices which in turn are influenced by several social and physical factors. He posited a social system that had four types of action systems which included culture, personality, organismic, and society, with each these four systems having to satisfy four functional needs which were latency, adaptation, integration, and goal attainment. His analysis involved studying the processes and trade offs of social structures within and between the four system levels (Turner and Maryanski 1991). Central principles in the functionalist theory Functionalist analysis studies the social importance of phenomena. It seeks to examine the various functions that these phenomena serve within a society in order to preserve the whole (Jarvie, 1973). According to Malinowski, the major concepts included: †¢ Understanding behavior based on an individual’s motivation in addition to both rational and irrational behavior; †¢ Recognizing the interrelationship of the various items which comprised a culture forming a system; and †¢ Recognizing a particular item and identifying its function within the contemporary operation of a culture. Radcliffe-Brown based his works on those of Emile Durkheim who had posited that social phenomena comprised a domain of reality that was independent of any biological or psychological facts. As such, social phenomena have to be explained in terms of the other social phenomena occurring within the domain (Broce, 1973). Radcliffe-Brown therefore studied the circumstances under which the various social structures are upheld within society. He developed an analogy between organic life and social life in order to be able to explain the idea of function hence placing emphasis on the contribution of phenomena to preserving social order. Functional analysis has given value to social institutions. This is because it considers them as integrated and active components of a social system and not as simple customs (Langness, 1987). Functionalism has also contributed to the current idea that traditional usages have been formed by the necessity that human beings have to live collectively in harmony. Its emphasis on exhaustive fieldwork has offered an in-depth study of human societies. In addition, the study of functional interrelationship between institutions and customs has provided a framework for collecting information on how societies function. Major criticisms There have been several criticisms raised against the functionalist theory leading to its decline. The functionalist theory has been criticized for its major ignorance towards historical process in addition to its presumption that societies exists in an equilibrium state (Goldschmidt, 1996). Interactionist theorists have criticized this theory due to its failure to conceptualize sufficiently the multifaceted nature of individual actors and the methods of interaction within societies. Marxist theorists have criticized functionalism due to its conservativism and the fixed nature of examination used that underlined the role of social phenomena in the preservation of the status-quo within society (Holmwood, 2005). Constructionist theorists have criticized functionalism due to the use of classificatory theories that characterized phenomena based on their functions (Turner and Maryanski, 1991). Responses to Critiques Comparative functionalism, developed by Walter Goldschmidt, attempts to respond to the difficulties that have developed as a result of Malinowskis argument that a culture can be comprehended on its own with institutions been seen as products of the various cultures within which they were created. Comparative functionalism seeks to understand institutional differences between cultures by examining phenomena within the different cultures and the problems experienced in these societies. This approach is worthwhile since it is aware of the universality of the functions to which social institutions are a response to. Problems are usually consistent from one culture to another culture, but the institutional solutions that will be needed will vary from one culture to another (Holmwood, 2005). As such, one begins with analyzing the problem so as to find out how institutional procedures provide solutions. Neo-functionalism is an attempt to revise British structural-functionalism. Some neo-functionalists seek to analyze phenomena based on particular functional requisites. Other neo-functionalists focus on matters of social integration, social evolution, and social differentiation. Others examine how the various cultural processes such as rituals, values, and ideologies integrate with social structures. However, neo-functionalism places little emphasis on how phenomena are able to meet system needs (Turner and Maryanski, 1991). This approach is worthwhile since it provides a bridge between human behavior, which frequently involves cooperation, and natural selection, where individual interaction involves competition more than cooperation. References Broce, G. (1973). History of Anthropology. Minneapolis: Burgess Publishing Company. Goldschmidt, W. (1996). Functionalism. In Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology, Vol 2. David Levinson and Melvin Ember, eds. New York: Henry Holt and Company. Holmwood, J. (2005). Functionalism and its Critics, in Harrington, A. Modern Social Theory: An Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Jarvie, I. C. (1973). Functionalism. Minneapolis: Burgess Publishing Company. Kuper, A. (1996). Anthropology and Anthropologists. London: Routledge. Langness, L. (1987). The Study of Culture. Novato, California: Chandler Sharp Publishers, Inc. Turner, J. H. Maryanski, A. (1991). Functionalism. In Borgatta, E. F, Encyclopedia of Sociology, Vol 2. New York: MacMillan Publishing Company.